Critical Perspectives on HRM in Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Critical Perspectives on HRM in Britain - Essay Example Research shows that when an organisation is able to achieve a cohesive and unified organisational culture, it improves problem-solving capacity within a firm and leads to enhanced organisational performance (Yilmaz and Ergun 2008). Furthermore, a longitudinal study conducted by Kotter and Heskett (1992) discovered that having a cohesive organisational culture was correlated with a 765 percent improvement of business incomes for the investigated organisations occurring between 1977 and the year 1988. With such evidence of organisational improvement and enhanced problem-solving capacity as a result of developing a cohesive organisational culture, it would appear that it is, indeed, desirable for senior managers to seek to change their organisational cultures if it is determined that existing culture in insufficient for enhancing organisational performance. However, change resistance is commonplace in many organisations in which managers become the victims of illogical and irrational employee responses when organisational members are faced with change (Ford, Ford and D’Amelio 2009). Hence, it might not be feasible to seek change of culture as a result of the intensity of psychological retaliation imparted upon management when attempting to elicit cultural change. There appears to be significant evidence that seeking to change organisational culture maintains a variety of benefits for an organisation. O’Donnell (2006) asserts that when an organisation maintains a cohesive culture, culture can facilitate development of innovations that support an organisation’s goals. For many organisations, especially those that operate in saturated competitive markets, the capability of an organisation in achieving many innovative outputs serves as a predictor of competitive advantage and holistic organisational performance. Kalyanaram and Gurumurthy (2008) describe an example of being a first mover in a new market where a firm

Bio Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bio Ethics - Essay Example The numerous aspects affecting application of bioethics continue to be identified as major debates of human enquiry. The allocation of scarce healthcare resources continues to be an increasingly discussed element of bioethics. As opposed to other ethical values of humans, bioethics concerns the application of ethical values in biological and medical practice. Commonly discussed bioethical values include aspects dealing with life, like abortion, surrogacy among others. Bioethics seeks to achieve biomedical practices exhibiting human dignity (Jonsen, p198). Though they cannot be considered as moral values, the application of bioethics ensures proper undertaking of biomedical operations. Organ transplant falls among the scarce healthcare resources that continue to be identified as essential bioethical elements. Organ transplant could be defined as biological tissue or organ donation from one person to another (Jonsen, p295). The person offering the biological tissues is referred as dono r and the person receiving, a recipient. The biological dilemma in organ transplant remains the ability for the donor to receive reimbursements for the donated biological tissues. Necessary legislation regarding the issue of conducting organ transplants differs within different countries. The various legislations existing in this field concern the availability of consent from the donating party. In opt-in system the requirement remains for donors to give consent, while in opt-out system the requirement remains for donor not to refuse. In the latter system, failure to refuse indicates a probable donor, while the former system offering consent confirms an individual as a donor. The fundamental issues regarding organ transplant remain naturally semantic. This follows the confusing definition of essential clinical terminologies. The translation of several clinical terminologies in the legal platform continues to be a debatable point within the aspect of organ transplant. The controversi es revolving around the legal definition of terms like death, life, among others continue to create immense confusion within the medical profession regarding organ donation (Rachels, p176). The legal determination of the qualifications of donors differs from the medical identification of donors. While an individual might meet all required specifications of donors legally, the same individual might not meet the medical requirement. While the law requires donors to provide consents regarding acceptance to donate, medical testing might reveal the possibility of transplant rejection. Following the legalization of organ selling, transplants continue to be viewed by many as treatment methods for the rich. Stereotypes continue to develop leading to donating individuals being perceived as extremely impoverished. Attaching commercial and financial values to biological organs essentially creates a controversial situation surrounding the transplant (Rachels, p189). In the developed nations, fo r example, the demand for biological tissues surpasses the supply. In third-world countries the situation occurs in the opposite of the developed nations. Discussions continue to elicit mixed reactions among concerned parties. Within the underdeveloped countries, concerns continue to be mounted regarding exploitation of the poor by the rich. Introduction of financial reimbursement for donors appears as attractive to poor people as a method of improving economic status. In one case involving Ruth Sparrow, the woman experienced financial constraint following gall bladder surgery. Having a medical bill of $20,000, the woman sought to trade her kidney on condition the hospital clears her pending bill. The administration refused the offer,